From puppyhood, through adolescence, to senior years – we spend an average of ten to fifteen years with our dogs. As they age, our furry friends often change – but what if our four-legged companion shows signs of aging that go beyond the norm?
What exactly is that?
Dementia in dogs, also known as cognitive dysfunction syndrome (CDS), is a degenerative disease that can affect the brain and behavior of older dogs. It is similar in many ways to dementia in humans. In dementia, nerve cells in the brain die, and once dead, these nerve cells cannot regenerate, leading to a decline in cognitive abilities.
signs
The signs of dementia in dogs can be varied and sometimes difficult to recognize. A common symptom is disorientation, even in familiar surroundings. For example, a dog might have trouble finding its way home or get stuck in corners or behind furniture. "The nighttime restlessness caused by a disrupted day-night rhythm is the biggest problem for many owners," explains veterinarian Sylvia Erhard. "A ritual that clearly signals to the dog that this was the evening walk and now it's time for a treat in its bed can help." Changes in interactions with people and other animals are also noticeable. A dog that was previously very social might withdraw or, conversely, become unusually pushy. In addition, house soiling may occur, even if the dog was previously house-trained. Altered activity patterns, such as aimless wandering or a decreased interest in playing, are further symptoms that can indicate dementia in dogs.
What can I do?
First things first: If you notice signs of dementia in your dog, you should visit your veterinarian immediately. There, an accurate diagnosis can be made and medical treatment options discussed. "Daily routines are especially important for dogs with dementia, as they provide security and structure. Feeding times, walks, and rest periods should be adhered to as closely as possible. In addition to a consistent routine, mental stimulation is also crucial. Mental activities can help slow the progression of dementia. Simple games like search games, which stimulate the mind, are very helpful in this regard," emphasizes veterinarian Sylvia Erhard. Regular exercise in the fresh air also plays an important role. It promotes blood circulation, including in the brain, and short, frequent walks are good for the dog both physically and mentally. A safe bet: If the dog tends to become disoriented in the home, it's worth making it "barrier-free." Remove obstacles, secure stairs with a gate, and make dangerous areas—for example, a hot fireplace—inaccessible. Finally, diet also plays a role. Some studies suggest that a diet rich in antioxidants, omega-3 fatty acids, and B vitamins can improve cognitive function. A balanced diet is therefore an important aspect of caring for a dog with dementia.
A good addition: Omega-3
Omega-3 fatty acids, particularly DHA (docosahexaenoic acid), have been shown to play a vital role in brain health. Several studies conducted in both humans and animals have found that omega-3 fatty acids possess anti-inflammatory properties and can protect brain cells from damage caused by aging or diseases such as dementia. In dogs suffering from cognitive dysfunction, these fatty acids may help slow brain degeneration and improve cognitive function. Supplementing your dog's diet with omega-3-rich foods or supplements can therefore be a preventative measure or a supportive approach for existing cognitive issues. However, it is important to consult your veterinarian before making any changes to your pet's diet to ensure that the amount and type of omega-3 source are appropriate for your animal.
Don't forget …
Living with a dog suffering from dementia can be challenging for both dog and owner. It requires patience, understanding, and often some adjustments to daily routines. But even during this time, dog and owner can still enjoy good times together.